Pancreatitis aguda: fisiopatología y manejo inicial

Autores/as

  • Pablo Andrés Álvarez Aguilar Universidad de Costa Rica
  • Carlos Tobías Dobles Ramírez Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, Hospital Dr. Rafael A. Calderón Guardia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v61i1.1020

Palabras clave:

pancreatitis aguda, peritonitis, necrosis, hipertensión intraabdominal, síndrome compartimental abdominal

Resumen

La pancreatitis aguda es un trastorno intracelular del calcio en las células pancreáticas, el cual constituye la vía final común de múltiples estímulos etiopatogénicos y puede desencadenar cambios necroinflamatorios locales, efectos multisistémicos y compromiso en órganos distantes. Todo esto lleva a los pacientes a múltiples complicaciones por disfunción orgánica e infección.

El diagnóstico adecuado y oportuno, el abordaje según severidad y la optimización de la terapia nutricional, así como una adecuada analgésica, reanimación hídroelectrolítica, detección de disfunción orgánica y de complicaciones locales e infecciosas, determinan el desenlace clínico de dicha patología.

Se realizó una revisión narrativa incluyendo estudios clínicos, guías de manejo, protocolos y revisiones pertinentes, y se aporta un enfoque desde el punto de vista de medicina crítica para el abordaje inicial de esta patología.

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2019-01-14 — Actualizado el 2019-01-14

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Aguilar, P. A. Álvarez, & Ramírez, C. T. D. (2019). Pancreatitis aguda: fisiopatología y manejo inicial. Acta Médica Costarricense, 61(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v61i1.1020